How hot is too hot for safe consumption?
Consuming beverages at extremely high temperatures significantly increases the likelihood of developing cancer in the gullet, according to the largest global study on the topic. Researchers found that both the temperature and quantity of hot drinks consumed play a critical role in elevating disease risk. The findings suggest that allowing drinks to cool before consumption could be a simple preventive measure.
Very hot drinks damage the oesophagus lining over time Scientists explain that repeatedly drinking liquids above 65°C can cause chronic irritation and inflammation of the oesophageal mucosa. This ongoing damage may lead to cellular changes that increase cancer susceptibility. The study analysed data from over 500,000 participants across multiple countries, making it the most comprehensive investigation to date. Researchers controlled for smoking and alcohol use to isolate the effect of drink temperature.
What should people do differently today?
The research defines very hotas beverages consumed at or above 65°C, a temperature that can scald the throat. Many people drink tea or coffee immediately after brewing, often exceeding 70°C. Experts recommend waiting at least four minutes after pouring to allow drinks to reach a safer, comfortable sipping temperature. This small delay could substantially lower long-term cancer risk.
Health officials advise letting hot beverages cool before drinking, especially for those who regularly consume multiple cups daily. Using a thermometer to check temperature or simply testing the drink on the wrist can help gauge safety. Public health campaigns may soon include warnings about drink temperature alongside existing advice on smoking and alcohol. The study emphasizes that behavioural change, not abstinence, is key to prevention.
What temperature is considered dangerous for drinks? Drinks at 65°C or higher are classified as very hot and linked to increased oesophageal cancer risk in the study.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long should I wait before drinking hot tea or coffee? Waiting about four minutes after pouring allows the beverage to cool to a safer, comfortable temperature.
Does adding milk reduce the risk? Yes, adding cold milk lowers the overall temperature of the drink, making it safer to consume immediately.